This retrospective study was based on 157 cases of infectious endocarditis observed in the Cardiology department of Ibn Rochd Hospital in Casablanca between January 1983 and December 1994. The mean age of the patients was 27.5 years (11 to 65 years) with a male predominance (62.8%). Infectious endocarditis was secondary to rheumatic valvular heart disease in 63.% of patients and was primary in 29.9% of cases. Mitral or mitro-aortic valve involvement was clearly predominant. A portal of entry of the infection was identified in 63% of patients. It was dental in 64% of cases. Blood cultures were positive in 42% of cases with a predominance of unclassifiable Streptococci (37.8%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (25.7% of cases). Echocardiography was very useful, particularly in the presence of negative blood cultures. It demonstrated specific lesions of infectious endocarditis in 73.2% of cases and revealed very large, mobile vegetations in every case complicated by systemic embolism. The clinical course was complicated by heart failure (47.8%), renal failure (14.6%) or neurological lesions (11.5%). The global mortality was 28.7%, related to refractory heart failure in most cases.