Urolithiasis, a complex multifactorial disease, results from interactions between
environmental and genetic factors. Epidemiological studies have shown the association of …

Background The global prevalence and recurrence rate of kidney stones is very high.
Recent studies of Randall plaques and urinary components in vivo, and in vitro including …

Rice diterpenoid phytoalexins such as momilactones and phytocassanes are produced in
suspension-cultured rice cells treated with a chitin oligosaccharide elicitor and in rice leaves …

The M2 protein of influenza A virus forms a homotetramer ion channel in the lipid
membrane. The channel is specific for proton conductance and is activated by low pH with a …

Urinary stones consist of two phases—an inorganic (mineral) phase and an organic (matrix)
phase. Studies on the organic components of kidney stones have been undertaken later …

Purpose: Urinary stones are similar to arteriosclerosis in epidemiology, mechanism,
calcification composition and age at frequent occurrence. The calcification that occurs in …

We present a detailed characterization of the chitin oligosaccharide elicitor-induced gene
OsWRKY53. OsWRKY53 was also induced in suspension-cultured rice cells by a fungal …

[CQ1] What is the role of 99 mTc-PYP scintigraphy (bone scintigraphy) in clinical practice for
CA?∙∙∙∙∙∙ 1655 [CQ2] The role of endomyocardial biopsy. Which site is appropriate for biopsy …

Abstract Background and Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is considered the
standard procedure for the removal of large renal calculi. The development of the “minimally …

Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of 1-substituted 2-propenyl acetates with
dimethyl malonate proceeded with high enantioselectivity in the presence of cesium …