Background Breastfeeding is a modifiable factor that may influence development of
inflammatory bowel diseases. However, literature on this has been inconsistent and not …

Background Mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonists improve the prognosis for patients with
heart failure and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. We evaluated the effects of …

Background Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of
hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death among patients with chronic heart …

Background Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are higher among patients with type 2
diabetes, particularly those with concomitant cardiovascular diseases, than in most other …

Background SGLT2 inhibitors are strongly recommended in guidelines to treat patients with
heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but their clinical benefits at higher ejection …

Background The angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril–valsartan led to a
reduced risk of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes among …

Background Three drug classes (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists [MRAs], angiotensin
receptor–neprilysin inhibitors [ARNIs], and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 [SGLT2] …

Whether the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of a
range of morbidity and mortality outcomes in patients with heart failure regardless of ejection …

Background—Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone
Antagonist (TOPCAT) patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection …

Statistical analyses are a crucial component of the biomedical research process and are
necessary to draw inferences from biomedical research data. The application of sound …